Journal writing paper
Good Act Essay Samples
Monday, August 24, 2020
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Koreans in California
US is the place where there is openings. With open society offering opportunity and freedom, United States has consistently been an alluring spot for settlers from all through the world. The convergence of individuals having assorted culture and foundation in one society on one hand has been profiting and then again, it has been acting major issues like well. New individuals set aside some effort to change in new condition. The between social and ethnic showdowns are significant hindrances in their development. In any case, time permits the residue to settle down. Same is the tale of Korean migrants resulting in these present circumstances enormous hearted nation, who started their excursion just about hundred years prior. They discovered extreme opposition however had high aspirations. Through their sheer difficult work and easygoing nature, Korean outsiders are currently considered as a vital series of US cultural fiber. This paper targets investigating the historical backdrop of Korean migrants to United States uncommonly in California, featuring the beginning of their excursion, issues they experienced, explanations behind their coming to America, their current state, current issues looked by them, and their business exercises. History of Korean Immigration Koreans are one of the biggest, quickest developing Asian gatherings in the United States. Their migration to the U.S. begun somewhere in the range of 1902 and 1905 when a sum of 7,200 Koreans showed up in Hawaii as sugar estate laborers (Lee 21). The troublesome working conditions on the estates propelled some Korean Americans to move to the territory where many proceeded in farming work. Since their underlying numbers were constrained in this manner they didn't shaped gatherings and rather remained genuinely scattered. After the abolishment of the Immigration Act in 1965, enormous quantities of Koreans, including some from the North that have come by means of South Korea, have been moving from that point forward, placing Korea in the main five nations of cause of workers to the United States since 1975. Introductory Problems Faced by Korean Immigrants At the outset, Koreans encountered similar sorts of segregation that other Asian gatherings experienced including being precluded from going to class with whites in San Francisco, being not able to intermarry with whites (California Anti-Miscegenation Law, 1901) and being not able to claim land in California (1913 Alien Land Law). The years from 1910-1940, were especially hard for some Korean Americans as they suspected of themselves more as outcasts than workers and felt they were without a nation. They had issues in landing positions, and even were confined from going to open spots (Takaki 10-25). Explanations behind Korean Immigrations to US Koreans came to America for an assortment of reasons like family get-togethers, escaping from military systems or the danger of war, better work openings, and a decent instruction for their kids. Other than that different explanations behind migration incorporate their craving for expanded opportunity, particularly for ladies, and the expectation for better financial conditions. To put it plainly, they came here to understand their own ââ¬Å"American dream.â⬠The Present State of Korean Immigrants Today there are over a million Korean Americans. They have proceeded with their initial examples of not being as concentrated as other Asian gatherings specifically areas. As of now 44% live in the West, 23% in the Northeast, 19% in the South, and 14% in the Midwest. The state with the biggest populace is California with 33% of the aggregate; New York is second with 12%. Indeed, even in California the populace is dissipated with just 20% of the Koreans in Southern California living in Koreatown, Los Angeles. Korea town is situated around five miles west of City Hall and is generally limited by Beverly Boulevard and Pico Boulevard toward the north and south and Hoover and Crenshaw on the east and west. In Southern California they own 45% of alcohol stores, 46% of little basic food item markets, and 45% of one-hour photograph shops (Takaki, 40-50). The Current Issue Faced by Korean Immigrants The 1992 Los Angeles occurrences have left numerous imprints in the memory of Korean Americans. The Korean people group is yet to recuperate from the outcome of Rodney King decisions. A great part of the devastation was caused to numerous Korean markets and organizations which were situated in those regions of the downtown (South Central and Korea town) which were burned to the ground. As indicated by gauges half of Korean American property was lost. Around then there was next to zero police nearness in those zones and Koreans were left at their own. The disappointment despite everything proceeds because of absence of due help of the state, and 40% of the Korean organizations lost have not had the option to revive. The Koreans business in those regions despite everything battle to battle high pace of wrongdoing, viciousness, and interethnic strain (Hwangbo 1-2). End Like America, Koreans are intense, flexible, and true. They realize how to get by through emergencies. Similarly as with most other Asian gatherings, California is progressively favored by new Korean outsiders as a perpetual spot to settle down. As people group, they are harmony cherishing, and they unequivocally put stock in Confucian educating of family culture. They had intense occasions in California and confronted segregations, however they adhered to their point of making agreement and taking a stab at a superior future. They are still faced with ethnic difficulties however are fruitful in arranging the issues as and when they emerge. Works Cited Hwangbo, Kay. ââ¬Å"Human Dramas in The Their Own Voices.â⬠LA Times, April 4, 1996: 1-2 . Lee, Lauren. Korean Americans. New York: Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 1995. Takaki, Ronald. Outsiders from a Different Shore: A History of Asian Americans. NY: Penguin, 1989.
Wednesday, July 15, 2020
An Overview of Psychology Careers
An Overview of Psychology Careers February 05, 2018 More in Student Resources APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips Careers Careers in psychology tend to be quite diverse and job options depend primarily on factors such as the type of degree held, years of experience, and specialty area of choice. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, psychology ranks as the fourth most popular college major in the United States. But, exactly what types of psychology careers are available to these psychology grads? While options tend to be more limited for those holding an undergraduate degree in psychology, there are a number of different entry-level job options available. Those who continue on to earn a masters or doctorate in psychology will find more career options, higher salaries, and stronger advancement opportunities. Entry-Level An undergraduate degree in psychology can serve as a great foundation for further study in the subject. But as many as 75 percent of all students who earn a bachelors never continue on to graduate school. The U.S. Department of Labor reports that jobs tend to be much more limited at this level, but there are still some options. Common job titles for bachelors degree-holders include psychiatric technician, case manager, and rehabilitation specialist. Some may find positions in different fields such as management, sales, human resources, and marketing.? Other job titles that might be an option solely with a bachlors degree include: Child Care WorkerCollege Recruiter or Admissions CounselorCorrectional Treatment SpecialistFinancial Aid CounselorProbation OfficerResearch AssistantYouth Counselor Graduate Degree There are many different subfields of psychology and various types of psychologists. Some people choose to focus on health-related careers that are centered on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness. These psychologists often work in hospitals, mental health clinics, or in private practice and work directly with clients who are experiencing symptoms of psychological or psychiatric disorders. ?Such job titles might include art therapist, child psychologist, clinical psychologist, counseling psychologist, and family and marriage therapist. In contrast, other psychologists focus mainly on research. They often work on a particular topic such as the brain, memory, attention, and other areas and are frequently employed by universities. In addition to performing research on psychology, they may also teach undergraduate and graduate classes.? Job titles in this area might include cognitive psychologist, comparative psychologist, experimental psychologist, research psychologist, and social psychologist. Still other psychologists work in areas that allow them to solve real-world problems. For example, they might design workspaces in order to maximize safety and productivity or work in legal settings to evaluate criminal suspects. A few job titles in this area include aviation psychologist, forensic psychologist, human factors psychologist, and military psychologist. Job Outlook Every year, the U.S. Department of Labor publishes their Occupational Outlook Handbook which includes projected job growth or loss for various professions over the coming years. According to them, psychology careers are expected to grow at a rate of 19 percent over the coming decade. 11 Things You Can Do With a Bachelors Degree in Psychology This overall projection is faster than the average for all occupations. Yet, it is important to also note that actual growth in individual specialty areas may vary considerably. For example, due to an increased demand for psychological services in hospitals and schools, the need for clinical psychologists and school psychologists is expected to grow by around 20 percent. It is also important to consider that factors such as education, training, and experience can also impact the job outlook for individuals working in psychology. Certain professions may grow more competitive. So, those who have advanced degrees in their chosen specialties are more likely to command top positions and higher salaries. Educational Training Requirements If you are thinking about a career in psychology, it is important to first consider your interests and goals. An undergraduate degree in psychology can provide an excellent background for different entry-level jobs. But, you will need to earn a graduate degree in psychology if you are interested in becoming a psychologist. Spend some time researching your options and investigate graduate programs that will be a good match for your particular interests. While each program may provide a strong background in psychology, each one differs in terms of its scope and focus. Aim to find a program that will let you both focus on your specialty area and work in your chosen career once you graduate. Exact educational and training requirements vary depending upon your chosen specialty area. If you want to become a school psychologist, for example, you would need to earn at minimum a masters or educational specialist degree in school psychologyâ"although many may opt to earn a doctorate degree in the subject. Additionally, school psychologists must complete a one-year internship and become licensed to work in their state. If you are interested in becoming a licensed clinical psychologist instead, then you must complete an accredited doctorate program in clinical psychology, complete an internship, and pass state licensing exams. 8 Careers You Might Consider School psychologists work in educational settings to help children deal with emotional, academic, and social problems. Thanks to increased interest in the mental health of children and federal education legislation, school psychology has rapidly become one of the fastest growing fields. The demand for qualified school psychologists exceeds the number of candidates available, which means that job opportunities are typically high.?Counselors help people with a wide variety of problems, including marriage, family, emotional, educational, and substance abuse issues. Nearly half of all counselors work in health care or social welfare settings, while others work for state and local governments. Though requirements vary, almost all states mandate at least a masters degree in order to become a licensed counselor. Typical work settings include K-12 schools, colleges and universities, hospitals, mental health clinics, and private practice.?Forensic psychologists apply psychology to the fields of criminal investigation and law. This has rapidly become one of the hottest psychology careers thanks to numerous portrayals in popular movies, television programs, and books. While the field may not be as glamorous as it is depicted in the media, forensic psychology is still an exciting career choice with a lot of potential for growth. Forensic psychologists often work in the legal system with other experts to deal with family, civil, or criminal issues. They may be involved in child custody assessments, scrutinize insurance claims, evaluate mental health issues in criminal cases, and provide expert testimony.?Engineering psychologists use psychology to examine how people interact with machines and other technology. These professionals use their understanding of the human mind and behavior to help design and improve technology, consumer products, work settings, and living environments. For example, an engineering psychologist might work as part of a team to redesign a product to make it more efficient and easier to use in a work situation. Those working in academic settings report the lowest earnings, while others in the private sector report higher salaries.?Clinical psychology is the single largest employment area within the field of psychology. Clinical psychologists assess, diagnose, and treat people living with psychological or psychiatric disorders. These professionals typically work in hospital settings, mental health clinics, or private practices. In order to become a clinical psychologist, you must have a doctoral-level degree in clinical psychology and most states require a minimum of a one-year internship. Most graduate school programs in clinical psychology are fairly competitive.?Sports psychologists focus on the psychological aspects of sports and athletics, including topics such as motivation, performance, and injury. The two major areas within sports psychology are centered on helping improve athletic performance and on using sports to impro ve mental and physical health. Sports psychologists work in a wide variety of settings including universities, hospitals, athletic centers, private consulting practices, and research facilities.?Industrial-organizational (I-O) psychologists focus on workplace behavior, often using psychological principles to increase worker productivity and to select employees that are best-suited for particular jobs. There are several different specialty areas within industrial-organizational psychology. For example, some I-O psychologists train and assess employees and others evaluate job candidates. While there are some employment opportunities at the masters degree level, those with a doctoral degree in industrial-organizational psychology are in greater demand and command significantly higher salaries.?Health psychologists are interested in how mental, emotional, and social factors influence health and illness. They often work in hospital or government settings to help promote healthy behaviors and prevent illness. For example, they may research the causes of health problems, administer community health programs, and help people choose healthy behaviors. A Word From Verywell Psychology is an incredibly diverse field and careers can range from those that focus on mental health to those centered on research. People who are interested in a psychology career should spend time carefully researching their options in order to determine which specialty area is right for their needs, interests, and goals.
Thursday, May 21, 2020
Effective Management in Medi-Call Firm Free Essay Example, 1750 words
The high number of clients can increase the lack of necessity of equipment such as beds are inadequate as patients experience force, facilitating them to sleep in pairs. It is evident that Medi-Call systems need to have all sort of management go back to the drawing board and strategies on new ways forward. This is in terms of operation management and its performance. As per present-day standings, Medi-Call systems is at its best of performance, though the fact is that, there lies a great opportunity for better performance. The elderly need peace of mind as they require attention to meditate and their eardrums may be weak which can cause harm to them and cause impartibility. The elderly need ease to access medical facility as the elderly are prone to diseases which might distort their way of living and inconvenience the way they leave they might need total care and support (Faherty, 2009, 102). This refers to the elderly, who are the direct beneficiaries of the firm s services. Close ly follows the elderly family and friends, inclusive of all direct relatives too. With the firms' operation and service rendering to the community, in terms of catering for their age, facilitating their daily lives positively (Lovelock, 2012, 297). Buildings used for homes of the elderly they should not be in a storey form as most of the elderly got difficulty in walking this would reduce the mobility of the elderly patients forcing them to seek support from nurses slowing activities in the institution. We will write a custom essay sample on Effective Management in Medi-Call Firm or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Psychology-Institutional Aggression - 770 Words
Outline and Evaluate explanations of Institutional Aggression. Institutional Aggression can be defined as aggressive behaviour that occurs within an institution and is motivated by social forces, rather than anger or frustration. An institution usually refers to an organisation or place of confinement with its own social roles where behaviour is formally restricted and under the control of specific staff; for example, prisons, hospitals, army camps and boarding schools. The ââ¬Ëimportation modelââ¬â¢ proposed by Irwin and Cressey (1962) claims that prisoners bring their own social histories and traits with them into prison, and this influences their adaptation to the prison environment, Irwin and Cressey argue that prisoners are not ââ¬Ëblankâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Levels of deprivation remain fairly constant in many institutions and yet violence can erupt suddenly, for seemingly little reason. The deprivation model also doesnââ¬â¢t take into account gender differences. Scholars have reported that female offenders develop stronger bonds with their other members of their social groups rather than identify with the prisoner subculture, and thus explanations for female aggression in prisons may be qualitatively different from those for male inmates. Richards (2007) examined inmate-on-staff and inmate-on-inmate assaults in some 900 US state prisons operating from 1984 to 1995. Some inmate programmes increased mean rates of assaults in prisons, while others decreased levels of violence, suggesting that it is indeed the particular characteristics of the prison institution itself that account for the violence. In addition, frequent changes in governors and administrators of state prison systems increased mean rates of staff assaults. All this evidence provides support for the deprivation model. However, this study only addresses prison environments and cannot be generalised to other institutions such as hospitals. It is also a correlational study and therefore it is impossible to distinguish cause andShow MoreRelatedMultiracial Families : Multiracial People1174 Words à |à 5 Pagesdemographic group among U.S. citizens under the age of 18. This remarkable increase is because mixed marriages and families are at an all time high mul tiracial youth and mixed families often experience unique types of discrimination and micro aggressions. Among the multiple types, one is exclusion or isolation in which multiracial people are excluded due to their mixed status. For example, a Hispanic and white biracial child may not be treated as equally as his or her mono-racial siblings or cousinsRead MoreEssay on Mass Media on Violence1502 Words à |à 7 Pagesnewer video games, televisions, and gaming systems on the market each year. 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Racism is complicated, systemic and institutional as described by researchers; (Jones, 1997): personal, which may be considered the same as prejudice (Allport, 1958); institutional, involving a set of environmental conditions, such as housing market conditions, that favors one group over another; and cultural, referring to shared beliefs about the superiorityRead MoreIs Abu Ghraib : How Good People Turn Evil?945 Words à |à 4 PagesSocial Psychology Week 8 For this weekââ¬â¢s discussion I was given, Genocide to Abu Ghraib: How good people turn evil. Abu Ghraib prison was a US Army detention center for captured Iraqis from 2003 to 2006. An investigation into the treatment of detainees at the prison was started by the unearthing of graphic photos showing guards abusing detainees in 2003. According to Fiske et al., (2010), aggression is generally defined as any behavior that is intended to harm another person who does not want toRead MoreThe Role of Attachment in Infancy Is Vital in Subsequent Emotional Development1223 Words à |à 5 Pagesdeveloped emotional anorexia and refused to eat subsequently dying. While the effects of total social isolation from birth was severely deleterious, rhesus monkeys that had been socially isolated from birth showed no social skills such as play, aggression or sexual behavior, though instead high levels of fear in social situations. Harlow however observed that though the social or emotional brain had been obliterated, the intellectual portion seemed to be intact. Suomi and Harlow (1972) also foundRead MoreSocial Psychology Experiment : The Stanford Prison Experiment967 Words à |à 4 PagesAfter the famous social psychology experiment, The Stanford Prison Experiment, many have asked whether or not this experiment can really portray how imprisonment can effect an individual. While some say that this experiment is a great representation of the effects caused due to imprisonment, others argue that the experiment was not realistic enough to say it had real effects. Social psychologists Craig Haney and Philip Zimbardo, also the creators of the Stanford Prison Experiment, state that theRead MoreMicroaggressions and Racism1729 Words à |à 7 Pagesfrom racism. There are certain privileges and opportunities you have that you do not even realize because you have not been deprived in certain ways. 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My hypothesis is that children from economic disadvantaged families will exhibit more conduct issuesRead MoreRelational Theory Of Current Interest1385 Words à |à 6 Pagesincreases anxiety, hopelessness, and exhaustion among contractors stated Lee and Sanders (2013). Relational theory itself is viewed as a refresher towards social cognitive, learning, career choice, and work adjustment relating to organizational psychology, work psychodynamics, and work paradigms. Relational theory also predicts development in work-based challenges and the quality of work, by connecting work, relationship, and community life. Relational Theory and Its Appropriateness Relational theoryRead MorePersonality Predictors Of Successful Development : Toddler Temperament And Adolescent Personality Traits914 Words à |à 4 Pageshappy they are with their quality of life. 2a) The type of study they did was correlational study. Each age group had a way of being tested and they later look for the correlation between variables. 2b) The participants were from The Institute of Psychology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. During the period of 1961 and 1980 and the study was stopped. They later reached out to these same individuals in 2001. They received 332 answers out of 557 but only 83 actually participated. In
The articlesââ¬â¢ aims are similar in their exploration Free Essays
The three essays, ââ¬Å"Islam is Not the Solution (or the Problem)â⬠by Daniel Brumberg, ââ¬Å"Is There an Islamic Civilization?â⬠by Yilmaz Esmer, and ââ¬Å"The Clash of Civilizations?â⬠by Samuel Huntington present a look at civilization as a dominant factor, in particular the role of an Islamic civilization, on a national and global level. The articlesââ¬â¢ aims are similar in their exploration of what it means to be a Islamic civilization and the effects this is having and will continue to have economically, politically, and culturally for people residing in these countries and nearby. All of the writers, in the course of making and proving their hypotheses, attempt to define what it is to be a civilization. We will write a custom essay sample on The articlesââ¬â¢ aims are similar in their exploration or any similar topic only for you Order Now Civilization, as Samuel Huntington explains, ââ¬Å"is a cultural entity [â⬠¦] a civilization is thus the highest cultural grouping of people and the broadest level of cultural identity people have short of that which distinguishes humans from other speciesâ⬠(24). Civilizations differ from each other along the lines of history, language, culture, tradition, and religion. In ââ¬Å"The Clash of Civilizations?â⬠Huntington takes a look at western civilizations in relation to non-western civilizations, including but not limited to Islamic civilizations. Huntington states that it is his belief that civilization identity rather than national identity will be of ever increasing importance and that the most important conflicts will ââ¬Å"occur along cultural fault linesâ⬠(25). If you read the news from the Middle East on any given day, you can easily see Huntingtonââ¬â¢s ideas come to life. In Iraq, for instance, the biggest conflicts that now exist are not threats from other nationââ¬â¢s but rather from the inside, particularly along religious lines. Huntington uses primarily history as the springboard for his theories, noting the changes in Islamic and European countries (citing heavily Russia as an example). In ââ¬Å"Is There an Islamic Civilization?â⬠Yilmaz Esmer attempts to use past hypotheses and statistical numbers to show the value indicators, which can define Islamic civilization. He notes in the beginning of his essay that a large majority of people in secular but Islamic-dominated countries will first identify themselves as Muslim and then identify themselves by their nationhood. I found this very interesting, being an American. I imagine, if you asked any given group of U.S. citizens how they identify themselves, one of their first responses would be American and then their religious affiliation. In the course of the article Esmer is able to show through World Values Survey statistics that there are certain defining factors to Islam in connection with values. The most notable differences among Islamic nations and civilizations from non-Islamic nations and civilizations lie in gender equality and the importance of faith. As Huntington notes in his article, ââ¬Å"economic modernization and social change [â⬠¦] weaken the nation state as a source of identity. In much of the world religion has moved in to fill this gapâ⬠(26). Unlike Huntington and Esmerââ¬â¢s essays, Daniel Brumbergââ¬â¢s essay ââ¬Å"Islam is Not the Solution (or the Problem)â⬠does not concentrate on the definition of civilizations, namely Islamic, but rather explores how best the West can work with Islamic civilizations and nations with a large Islamic base to explore democracy and overcome the current autocracies that are the norm. One of the points I found the most interesting about Brumbergââ¬â¢s essay was his exploration of the role identity plays in the bridge between democracy and the present autocracy of many Islamic countries. Islam faces a unique challenge in supporting a democracy. As he explains, ââ¬Å"barriers are so formidable that, for the foreseeable future, any effective engagement with Islamist will require dealing with activists, many of whom espouse ideas profoundly at odds with U.S. notions of democracy and freedomâ⬠(98). In some of these countries, religion is so imbedded in the political framework it seems almost impossible to extract it. Brumberg makes the case for non-Islamic groups to gain a voice alongside (not instead of) the Islamic majority. From reading the three essays, I am able to draw my own conclusions on Islamic civilization and the role it will play in world politics. I think it is obvious that there is such a thing as Islamic civilization, as Esmerââ¬â¢s conclusion and Huntingtonââ¬â¢s history proves. As noted before, simply watch the news on any given night or check out the world news section and there is bound to be an article positive, negative, or neutral on the signs of Islamic civilization in the world. But all of the essays still leave me wondering whatââ¬â¢s next? Will, as Brumberg advocates, the Islamic states shed their autocracies and allow non-Islamic interest groups to gain a hold in governing these nations? Will the ideological breaks between civilizations cause even bigger breaks within? Works Cited Brumberg, Daniel. ââ¬Å"Islam is Not the Solution (or the Problem).â⬠Esmer, Yilmaz. ââ¬Å"Is There an Islamic Civilization?â⬠Huntington, Samuel P. ââ¬Å"The Clash of Civilizations?â⬠How to cite The articlesââ¬â¢ aims are similar in their exploration, Papers
Saturday, April 25, 2020
The aim of the experiment is to find how much energy is contained in a peanut Essay Example
The aim of the experiment is to find how much energy is contained in a peanut Essay Hypothesis: Peanuts are made up of mainly fat and protein. The human body need both protein and fat for survival.Proteins:Proteins form the main structure of the human body. We therefore need protein for growth and body building, and for repairing worn out or damaged tissues.Some proteins contribute to the structure of the cell, e.g. to the cell membranes, the mitochondria, ribosomes and chromosomes. These proteins are known as structural proteins.Protein contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, but it also contains nitrogen and sometimes sulphur too.A protein molecule is composed of lost of building blocks called amino acids and the links between them are called peptide links. About twenty amino acids exist in nature. The particular amino acids present, and the order in which they occur, very from one protein to another. In a complete protein molecule the amino acid chain is coiled, folded and cross-linked in various ways.Proteins can be split into their amino acids by adding water. Th is takes place in two steps: first the protein is broken down into shorter chains called polypeptides. Then the polypeptides are broken down into separate amino acid. If water is removed, the amino acids link together to form polypeptides and eventually protein.Some proteins are tough and fibre-like. They form the main structures of the body: bones, muscle, skin, and so on. Others exist in solution, for example, in the blood and in our cells. These soluble proteins include a very important group of chemicals called enzymes.If a protein is heated much above 40à ¯Ã ¿Ã ½C the molecules shape changes; we say the protein is has been denatured, this can ruin its functions.Proteins are composed of amino acids. The human body can make certain amino acids, so we do not need them in our diet. Others cannot be made so we must get them in our diet. These are called essential amino acids. They are vital for good health and absence of just one can have severe consequences.In addition proteins give us a certain amount of energy, but they are not as important in this respect as fats or carbohydrates.A lack of protein causes a disease, which makes the human body weak and listless. This disease is called, Kwashiorkor.Meat is the best source of protein. However, there are substitutes for the vegetarians i.e. Soya beans which is also very high in protein.The energy value for protein is: 1g of protein contains 39 kJPart of protein molecule showing how it is made up of a chain of amino acids. The different shapes represent different types of amino acids.Fat:The main function of fats is to give us energy so like carbohydrates they are energy foods. In man and other animals fat is stored under the skin: this helps to keep the body warm, as well as serving as an energy store. There are many different kinds of fats. Each contains particular fatty acids. Fat is like a carbohydrate in that it contains carbon, hydrogen relative to oxygen. Some fats are liquids. We call them oils.A fa t molecule consists of two parts. The main part is glycerol. Attached to the glycerol are chains called fatty acids. The fat can be split into its glycerol and fatty acid parts by adding water. And these parts can be linked together by taking water away. Different kinds of fat contain different fatty acids.Now some fatty acids are described as saturated, others as unsaturated. A saturated fatty acid cannot possess any more hydrogen atoms: the molecule is full up, like a saturated sponge full of water. An unsaturated fatty acid, on the other hand, has room for more atoms.The energy value for fat is: 1g of fat contains 17kJA typical fat or oil consists of a molecule of glycerol linked with three molecules of fatty acid:The peanuts are not completely made up of fat and protein other substances such as starch, vitamins and minerals. From this I predict that there will be about 15kJ/g for the amount of energy contained.I predict that that a peanut with more mass should give off more ener gy when the peanut is burned. I predict this because the peanuts with the higher mass have more chemical bonds thus, more energy will be contained within the bonds. The energy will be given off as the peanut is being burned. I predict that mass is directly proportional to energy released.Method:Apparatus: Bunsen burner,Wood Splints,Stand and Clamp,Boiling Tubes,Mounted Needles,Thermometer,Measuring CylinderRandomly picked peanuts,Weighing balance.1. Put 20 cmà ¯Ã ¿Ã ½ of water into a boiling tube. Fix the tube in a clamp so that it is held at an angle of 45à ¯Ã ¿Ã ½.2. Weigh a peanut very carefully, in grams using the chemical balance and record the result.3. Fix the peanut onto a mounted needle, taking care that no bits drop off.4. Measure the temperature of the water in the boiling tube and note the result.5. Ignite the peanut in a Bunsen flame. Quickly place the burning peanut under the boiling tube. The idea is to use as much heat as possible from the burning nut to heat t he water in the tube.If the nut goes out, relight it quickly and put it back under the tube,When the peanut has completely burnt. Measure the temperature of water in the boiling tube.When the peanut has completely burnt/ measure the temperature of the boiling tube again and note the result.Results:Mass of Peanut (g)Initial Temperature (à ¯Ã ¿Ã ½C)Final Temperature (à ¯Ã ¿Ã ½C)Rise in temperature (à ¯Ã ¿Ã ½C)Total Energy Released (J)Energy Released Jules per gram (kJ/g)1.2120503031232.580.8919422332563.650.9820422228282.881.1418472921361.87Averages: 45.25à ¯Ã ¿Ã ½C 26à ¯Ã ¿Ã ½C 2835.75J 2.196kJ/gI worked out the total energy released by a certain formula, which is:MASS OF WATER X RISE IN TEMPERATURE X 4.2(In Grams) (à ¯Ã ¿Ã ½C)MASS OF THE PEANUTI worked out the energy released in kJ/G by dividing the energy released by the mass of the peanut from the energy released and I divided the answer again by one thousand to gain my answer.Conclusion:I have come to the conclu sion that the average energy released from the peanut to be 2.196kJ/g, which is no where near to the prediction I gave in the hypothesis. This shows that there were many errors in the experiment.I also found that the mass of the peanut was not much on an issue in the experiment as the minimum mass released the highest amount of energy. Obviously the experiments were unfair and the degree of accuracy was not good.When the peanut was burned heat was released from the peanut. The heat was released because the reaction is exothermic and that the bonds were being broken to give off heat. Chemical energy inside the peanut was being changed into heat energy as the bonds were being heated are broken. When we eat peanuts the same experiment takes place in our bodies and from this experiment I have come to the conclusion that the whole process is not efficient.Graph: The graph shows that there is absolutely no relation between mass and energy released. I predicted in my hypothesis that mass w as directly proportional to energy released. Unfortunately, errors have occurred in the experiment, which should not have happened.Evaluation:The experiments were very important to the investigation as I would be getting my results from them and because they were carried out with the most possible degree of care and accuracy. However, sources of error were inevitable. The following are precautions taken whist doing the experiments to decrease the level on inaccuracy: -The equipment was well washed so that any impurities could be washed off and therefore not contaminate the water and alter the boiling point of the water and change my results. I did not hold the thermometer as I would conduct heat into the thermometer and alter the readings so therefore a rubber bung held it.The following sources of errors, in my opinion, have affected my results, they are: The rounding up of temperatures and measurements.Obviously from my results that there were many errors in the experiment. And th at many improvements should be made to make the experiment more efficient so that we can get better results.A lot of the heat was being lost to the surroundings and thus did not heat up the boiling tube with all the water. One fact is that the person doing the experiment should be very attentive because his hand when holding the mounted needle that he jerks around and more heat can be lost.There should be a covering of some sort over the boiling tube and the mounted needle to prevent any heat loss. Aluminium foil would be ideal as heat is reflected back because of its shiny surface. Also a direct supply of oxygen should be provided so that the flame on the peanut is kept going.The peanut took a while to ignite and when you thought you had it lit it would go straight out again. You would have to relight the peanut several times so it can continue burning.The whole peanut would never completely burn as the flame would go out and it will be hard to ignite the peanut again. This will te ll you that not all the bonds in the peanut were broken and the experiment is not complete as not all the energy is being released.To improve the experiment maybe a I could have used a more precise thermometer to measure the temperature more accurately, instead of rounding off to the nearest temperature. The water should have been measured more accurately maybe by using a graduated pipette.
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